Inventing Dog Breeds

Jack Russell Terriers

Author(s)

  • Michael Worboys Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.52537/humanimalia.9524

Abstract

Today Jack Russell Terriers (JRTs) are among the most popular dogs in Britain and are seen to have long history, dating back to the fox terriers bred by Parson Jack Russell in the early and mid-Victorian period. Yet, JRTs are the dog breed most recently recognized by the British Kennel Club, only being allowed to enter dog shows and to be registered in the Club’s stud book since 2016. This essay explores this paradox and tells the story of struggles between different groups over the physical form and cultural meaning of this particular type of dog, but similar histories of the contested and contingent creation could be told of every dog breed. Modern dog breeds were invented materially and culturally in the Victorian era, first in Britain before being spread around the world. Then and since, the conformation of individual breeds has been subject to continual reimagining and reinvention by dog fanciers, along with the proliferation breeds to produce the 344 breeds now recognised by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI). History shows that breed could have been differently conceived and specific dog breeds differently made.

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Author Biography

  • Michael Worboys

    Michael Worboys is Emeritus Professor in the Centre for the History of Science, Technology and Medicine at the University of Manchester. He has worked on science and British colonial imperialism, the development of germ theories of disease, the history of communicable diseases, and, latterly, on chronic diseases. His most recent book, co-authored with Julie-Marie Strange and Neil Pemberton, is The Invention of the Modern Dog: Breed and Blood in Victorian Britain (Johns Hopkins University Press, 2018).

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Published

2021-05-26

Issue

Section

Special Section

How to Cite

Worboys, Michael. 2021. “Inventing Dog Breeds: Jack Russell Terriers”. Humanimalia 10 (1): 44-73. https://doi.org/10.52537/humanimalia.9524.